Root canal therapy is a sequence of treatments for the pulp, the living tissue inside the tooth. This treatment eliminates the infection and protects the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion. Root canals and their associated pulp chamber are the physical hollows within a tooth that are inhabited by nerve tissue, blood vessels and cellular entities. Root canal therapy involves the removal of these structures, cleaning, shaping and decontamination of the hollows, and filling of the canals.